Publications and Tutorials

1. Richard Sproat. Language, Technology and Society. Oxford, Oxford University Press, Forthcoming, 2009.
2. Brian Roark, Richard Sproat. Computational Approaches to Syntax and Morphology. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2007.
3. Martin Neef, Anneke Neijt and Richard Sproat (editors) The Relation of Writing to Spoken Language. Tübingen: Niemeyer (= Linguistische Arbeiten 460), 2002.
4. Richard Sproat, A Computational Theory of Writing Systems, (ACL Studies in Natural Language Processing Series), Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2000.
   List of known errata.
   A prepublication version can be downloaded from here. This does not correct the errata listed above nor is the pagination the same as the printed version. In due course I will change this to fix the errata and look more like the printed version. I am making the prepublication version available since I have not been happy with the publicity Cambridge University Press has done for this book. I have been to a number of linguistics conferences that had CUP displays, and where it would have been appropriate to have a display copy of this book, where this book was simply not there; worse, it wasn't even listed in the flyers. I view CUP as being in breach of contract since the contract I signed clearly stated that the "Press aims to display books wherever possible at relevant conferences and exhibitions". They have not done this.
5. Richard Sproat (editor), Multilingual Text-to-Speech Synthesis: The Bell Labs Approach, Boston, MA, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.
6. Jan van Santen, Richard Sproat, Joseph Olive and Julia Hirschberg (editors), Progress in Speech Synthesis, New York, Springer, 1997.
7. Richard Sproat, Morphology and Computation, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, 1992.

1. Richard Sproat. "Brahmi-Derived Scripts, Script Layout, and Phonological Awareness." Written Language and Literacy, 9(1), 45--66, 2006.
2. Michiel Bacchiani, Brian Roark, Michael Riley and Richard Sproat "MAP Adaptation of Stochastic Grammars". Computer Speech and Language, 20(1):41-68, 2006.
3. Steve Farmer, Richard Sproat and Michael Witzel. "The Collapse of the Indus-Script Thesis: The Myth of a Literate Harappan Civilization". Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies, 11(2), 2004
4. Narasimhan, Bhuvana, Sproat, Richard, and Kiraz, George. "Schwa-deletion in Hindi Text-to-Speech Synthesis," International Journal of Speech Technology, 7(4), 319-333, 2004.
5. Richard Sproat, Alan Black, Stanley Chen, Shankar Kumar, Mari Ostendorf, and Christopher Richards. "Normalization of non-standard words." Computer Speech and Language, 15(3), 287-333, 2001.
6. Richard Sproat. "Multilingual Text Analysis for Text-to-Speech Synthesis", Natural Language Engineering, 2(4), 369-380, 1997.
7. Chilin Shih and Richard Sproat, "Issues in Text-to-Speech Conversion for Mandarin," Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing, 1996.
8. Richard Sproat, Chilin Shih, William Gale and Nancy Chang, "A Stochastic Finite-State Word-Segmentation Algorithm for Chinese," Computational Linguistics, 22(3), 1996.
9. Harald Baayen and Richard Sproat, "Estimating Lexical Priors for Low-Frequency Morphologically Ambiguous Forms," Computational Linguistics, 22(2), 1996.
10. Richard Sproat and Chilin Shih. "A Corpus-Based Analysis of Mandarin Nominal Root Compounds." Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 5, 49-71, 1996.
11. Richard Sproat and Joseph Olive, "Text to Speech Synthesis," AT&T Technical Journal, 74(2), 35-44, 1995.
12. Richard Sproat, "English Noun-Phrase Accent Prediction for Text-to-Speech." Computer Speech and Language, 8, 79-94, 1994. The list of about 7900 nominals with hand-assigned stress used in this paper can be found here.
13. Richard Sproat and Chilin Shih, "Why Mandarin Morphology is not Stratum-Ordered." Yearbook of Morphology, 185-217, 1993.
14. Richard Sproat and Osamu Fujimura, "Allophonic variation in English /l/ and its implications for phonetic implementation," Journal of Phonetics, 21, 291-311, 1993.
15. Gail McKoon, Gregory Ward, Roger Ratcliff and Richard Sproat, "Morphosyntactic and pragmatic factors affecting the accessibility of discourse entities," Journal of Memory and Language, 32, 1-20, 1993.
16. David Roe, Pedro Moreno, Richard Sproat, Fernando Pereira, Michael Riley and Alejandro Macarrón. "A Spoken Language Translator for Restricted-Domain Context-Free Languages," Speech Communication, 11, 1-9, 1992.
17. Richard Sproat, "Unhappier is not a Bracketing Paradox," Linguistic Inquiry, 23, 347-352, 1992.
18. Gregory Ward, Richard Sproat and Gail McKoon, "A Pragmatic Analysis of So-Called Anaphoric Islands," Language, 67, 439-474, 1991.
19. Richard Sproat and Chilin Shih, "A Statistical Method for Finding Word Boundaries in Chinese Text," Computer Processing of Chinese and Oriental Languages, 4, 336-351, 1990.
20. Richard Sproat, "Welsh Syntax and VSO Structure," Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 3, 173-216, 1985.
21. Richard Sproat, "Southern California Reflexives: An Example of Translation Borrowing?" Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology: Papers in Linguistics, 3, 77-94, 1981.

1. Sproat, Richard. "The Consistency of the Orthographically Relevant Level in Dutch." in Martin Neef, Anneke Neijt and Richard Sproat (editors). The Relation of Writing to Spoken Language. Tübingen: Niemeyer (= Linguistische Arbeiten 460), 2002.
2. Jianying Hu, Richard Sproat and Hao Chen. "Electronic Mail", in McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science and Technology, 2001, 144-146, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2000.
3. R. Harald Baayen, Robert Schreuder and Richard Sproat. "Morphology in the Mental Lexicon: A Computational Model for Visual Word Recognition", in F. Van Eynde and D. Gibbon (eds.) Lexicon Development for Speech and Language Processing, 267-293, Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
4. Richard Sproat, Christer Samuelsson, Jennifer Chu-Carroll and Bob Carpenter. "Computational Linguistics", in Mark Aronoff and Janie Rees-Miller (eds.) The Blackwell Handbook of Linguistics, Oxford, Blackwell, 2000.
5. Richard Sproat, "Lexical Analysis", in Robert Dale, Hermann Moisl, and Harold Somers (eds.) Handbook of Natural Language Processing, 37-58, New York, Dekker, 2000.
6. Richard Sproat and Joseph Olive, "Text-to-Speech Synthesis," in L. Rabiner and R. Cox (eds.), IEEE/CRC Press Handbook of Signal Processing, Cleveland, CRC Press, 1997.
7. Richard Sproat, "Text Interpretation for TtS Synthesis", in Ron Cole (ed.) Survey of the State of the Art in Human Language Technology, http://www.cse.ogi.edu/CSLU/HLTsurvey/HLTsurvey.html, 1996.
8. Richard Sproat and Joseph Olive, "A Modular Architecture for Multilingual Text-to-Speech," in J. van Santen, R. Sproat, J. Olive and J. Hirschberg (eds.), Progress in Speech Synthesis, New York, Springer, 1997.
9. Richard Sproat and Joseph Olive, "An Approach to Text-to-Speech Synthesis," in W. Kleijn and K. Paliwal (eds.), Speech Coding and Synthesis, 611-633, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1995.
10. Julia Hirschberg and Richard Sproat, "Pitch Accent Prediction from Text Analysis," in J. Cole, G. Green and J. Morgan (eds.), Linguistics and Computation, 281-296, CSLI Publications, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1995.
11. Richard Sproat, "Looking into Words," in S. Hargus and E. Kaisse (eds.), Studies in Lexical Phonology, 173-195, San Diego, Academic Press, 1993.
12. Mark Liberman and Richard Sproat, "The Stress and Structure of Modified Noun Phrases in English," in I. Sag (ed.), Lexical Matters, 131-181, CSLI Publications, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1992.
13. Richard Sproat and Chilin Shih, "The Cross-Linguistic Distribution of Adjective Ordering Restrictions," in C. Georgopoulos and R. Ishihara (eds.), Interdisciplinary Approaches to Language: Essays in Honor of S.-Y. Kuroda, 565-593, Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.
14. Richard Sproat, "Bracketing Paradoxes, Cliticization and Other Topics: The Mapping Between Syntactic and Phonological Structure," in M. Everaert, A. Evers, R. Huybregts and M. Trommelen (eds.), Morphology and Modularity: In Honour of Henk Schultink, 339-360, Dordrecht, Foris, 1988.
15. Richard Sproat, "On Anaphoric Islandhood," in M. Hammond and M. Noonan (eds.), Theoretical Morphology, 291-301, San Diego, Academic Press, 1988.

1. Xuanhui Wang, ChengXiang Zhai, Xiao Hu, and Richard Sproat, "Mining Correlated Bursty Topic Patterns from Coordinated Text Streams", Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD'07 ), pages 784-793.
2. Su-Youn Yoon, Kyoung-young Kim and Richard Sproat. "Multilingual Transliteration Using Feature based Phonetic Method". ACL, June, 2007, Prague.
3. Alla Rozovskaya, Richard Sproat, "Multilingual Word Sense Discrimination: A Comparative Cross-Linguistic Study", Balto-Slavonic Natural Language Processing. June, 2007, Prague.
4. Boon Pang Lim, Richard Sproat: Using Latent Semantics for NE Translation. ICCPOL 2006: 457-465
5. Tao Tao, Su-Youn Yoon, Andrew Fister, Richard Sproat and ChengXiang Zhai. "Unsupervised Named Entity Transliteration Using Temporal and Phonetic Correlation." EMNLP, July 22-23, 2006, Sydney, Australia.
6. Richard Sproat, Tao Tao and ChengXiang Zhai. "Named Entity Transliteration with Comparable Corpora". ACL 2006, July 17-21, 2006, Sydney, Australia.
7. Alla Rozovskaya, Richard Sproat and Elabbas Benmamoun. "Language Modeling of Arabic Dialects". Colloquium on Arabic Language Processing, June 5-7, Rabat, Morocco.
8. Cecilia Ovesdotter Alm, Dan Roth and Richard Sproat "Emotions from text: machine learning for text-based emotion prediction." HLT/EMNLP 2005. October 6-8, 2005, Vancouver.
9. Cecilia Alm and Richard Sproat. "Emotional sequencing and development in fairy tales." First International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, Beijing, China, Oct. 22-24, 2005.
10. Cecilia Alm and Richard Sproat. "Perceptions of emotions in expressive storytelling." InterSpeech 2005, Lisbon, Portugal, Sep. 4-8, 2005.
11. Yanli Zheng, Richard Sproat, Liang Gu, Izhak Shafran, Haolang Zhou, Yi Su, Dan Jurafsky, Rebecca Starr, Su-Youn Yoon. "Accent Detection and Speech Recognition for Shanghai-Accented Mandarin." InterSpeech 2005, Lisbon, Portugal, Sep. 4-8, 2005.
12. Richard Sproat, Prakash Padakannaya. "Script Indices". International Conference on Cognitive Science, Allahabad, India, December 2004.
13. Sameer Maskey, Michiel Bacchiani, Brian Roark, and Richard Sproat. "Improved Name Recognition with Meta-Data Dependent Name Networks". ICASSP 2004, Montréal, May 2004.
14. Murat Saraclar, Richard Sproat. "Lattice-Based Search for Spoken Utterance Retrieval." HLT-NAACL 04, Boston, May 2004.
15. Michael Riley, Brian Roark and Richard Sproat. "Good-Turing Estimation from Word Lattices for Unsupervised Language Model Adaptation." IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop. Fisherman's Reef, U.S. Virgin Islands. December 2003.
16. Richard Sproat, "A Formal Computational Analysis of Indic Scripts", International Symposium on Indic Scripts: Past and Future, Tokyo, December 2003.
17. Jason Zhang, Alan Black and Richard Sproat, "Identifying Speakers in Children's Stories for Speech Synthesis," Proceedings of EUROSPEECH 2003, Geneva, September 2003.
18. Richard Sproat and Thomas Emerson, "The First International Chinese Word Segmentation Bakeoff", The Second SIGHAN Workshop on Chinese Language Processing, Sapporo, Japan, July 2003.
19. Srinivas Bangalore, Owen Rambow, Tahir Butt, Alexis Nasr and Richard Sproat, "Creating a Finite-State Parser with Application Semantics", COLING, Taipei, Taiwan, August 2002.
20. Richard Sproat, "Inferring the Environment in a Text-to-Scene Conversion System", First International Conference on Knowledge Capture (K-CAP '01), Victoria, BC, Canada, 2001.
21. Richard Sproat, "Pmtools: A Pronunciation Modeling Toolkit", Proceedings of the Fourth ISCA Tutorial and Research Workshop on Speech Synthesis, Blair Atholl, Scotland, 2001.
22. Bob Coyne and Richard Sproat, "WordsEye: An Automatic Text-to-Scene Conversion system", SIGGRAPH 2001, Los Angeles, CA, 2001.
23. Richard Sproat, "Corpus-Based Methods and Hand-Built Methods", International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 2000.
24. Bhuvana Narasimhan, Richard Sproat and George Kiraz. "Schwa deletion in Hindi Text-to-Speech Synthesis." Workshop on Computational Linguistics in South Asian Languages, 21st SALA, October 2001, Konstanz.
25. Jan van Santen and Richard Sproat. "High-accuracy automatic segmentation". Proceedings of EUROSPEECH 99, Budapest, Hungary, 1999.
26. Richard Sproat, Jianying Hu, Hao Chen, "EMU: An E-mail Preprocessor for Text-to-Speech," IEEE Signal Processing Society 1998 Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, Los Angeles, CA.
27. Hao Chen, Jianying Hu and Richard Sproat. "E-mail Signature Block Analysis", ICPR'98, Brisbane, Australia.
28. Richard Sproat, Andrew Hunt, Mari Ostendorf, Paul Taylor, Alan Black, Kevin Lenzo, Mike Edgington, "SABLE: A Standard for TTS Markup", International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 1998. Also presented at the ESCA/COCOSDA Speech Synthesis Workshop. Jenolan Caves, Australia; and at the W3C Meeting on Voice Browsers, Cambridge, MA, October 13, 1998.
29. Richard Sproat, Jan van Santen, "Automatic Ambiguity Detection", International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 1998.
30. Richard Sproat, Paul Taylor, Michael Tanenblatt and Amy Isard, "A Markup Language for Speech Synthesis," Proceedings of EUROSPEECH, 1997.
31. Bernd Möbius, Richard Sproat, Jan van Santen and Joseph Olive, "A German Text-to-Speech System," Proceedings of EUROSPEECH, 1997.
32. Elena Pavlova, Chilin Shih and Richard Sproat, "A Text-to-Speech System for Russian," Proceedings of EUROSPEECH, 1997.
33. Chilin Shih and Richard Sproat, "Mandarin Text-to-Speech Synthesis," Proceedings of the Eighth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics, 1997.
34. Richard Sproat. "Multilingual Text Analysis for Text-to-Speech Synthesis", International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 1996.
35. Richard Sproat. "Multilingual Text Analysis for Text-to-Speech Synthesis", ECAI '96 Workshop on Extended Finite State Models of Language, Budapest, Hungary, 75-81, 1996.
36. Richard Sproat and Michael Riley. "Compilation of Weighted Finite-State Transducers from Decision Trees", 34th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 1996.
37. Mehryar Mohri and Richard Sproat. "An Efficient Compiler for Weighted Rewrite Rules", 34th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 1996.
38. Richard Sproat. "A Finite-State Architecture for Tokenization and Grapheme-to-Phoneme Conversion for Multilingual Text Analysis," Proceedings of the EACL SIGDAT Workshop, 65-72, Dublin, Ireland. Association for Computational Linguistics, 1995.
39. Richard Sproat and Chilin Shih, "A Corpus-Based Analysis of Mandarin Nominal Root Compounds," Proceedings of the Sixth North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics, 1995.
40. Benjamin Ao, Chilin Shih and Richard Sproat, "A Corpus-Based Mandarin Text-to-Speech Synthesizer," International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 1771-1774, 1994.
41. Richard Sproat and Joseph Olive, "A Modular Architecture for Multilingual Text-to-Speech," Proceedings of The Second ESCA/IEEE Workshop on Speech Synthesis, 187-190, 1994.
42. Richard Sproat, Chilin Shih, William Gale and Nancy Chang, "A Stochastic Finite-State Word-Segmentation Algorithm for Chinese," 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 66-73, 1994.
43. Fernando Pereira, Michael Riley and Richard Sproat, "Weighted Rational Transductions and their Application to Human Language Processing," ARPA Workshop on Human Language Technology, 249-254, 1994.
44. Richard Sproat, Julia Hirschberg and David Yarowsky, "A corpus-based synthesizer," International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, 563-566, 1992.
45. Richard Sproat and Chilin Shih, "On the sources of some constraints on Mandarin morphology," Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Chinese Languages and Linguistics, 20-37, 1992.
46. David Roe, Fernando Pereira, Richard Sproat, Michael Riley, Pedro Moreno and Alejandro Macarrón, "Efficient Grammar Processing for a Spoken Language Translation System," ICASSP-92(1), 213-216, 1992.
47. David Roe, Fernando Pereira, Richard Sproat, Michael Riley, Pedro Moreno and Alejandro Macarrón, "Toward a Spoken Language Translator for Restricted-Domain Context-Free Languages," EUROSPEECH 91(3), 1063-1066, 1991.
48. Richard Sproat, "An Application of Statistical Optimization with Dynamic Programming to Phonemic-Input-to-Character Conversion for Chinese," Proceedings of R.O.C. Computational Linguistics Conference III, 379-390, 1990.
49. Richard Sproat, "Stress Assignment in Complex Nominals for English Text-to-Speech," Proceedings of ESCA Workshop on Speech Synthesis, 129-132.
50. Richard Sproat and Chilin Shih, "Prenominal Adjectival Ordering in English and Mandarin," Proceedings of the 18th Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistics Society, 465-489, 1988.
51. Richard Sproat and Barbara Brunson, "Constituent-Based Morphological Parsing: A New Approach to the Problem of Word-Recognition," 25th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 65-72, 1987.
52. Richard Sproat and Mark Liberman, "Toward Treating English Nominals Correctly," 25th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Proceedings of the Conference, 140-146, 1987.
53. Richard Sproat and Gregory Ward, "Pragmatic Considerations in Anaphoric Island Phenomena," Papers from the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society, 321-335, 1987.
54. Richard Sproat, "Malayalam Compounding: A Non-Stratum-Ordered Account," Proceedings of the Fifth West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, 268-288, 1986.
55. Richard Sproat, "The Projection Principle and the Syntax of Synthetic Compounds," Proceedings of the 16th Annual meeting of the North East Linguistics Society, 462-475, 1986.
56. Richard Sproat, "INFL and the Configurationality of VSO Languages," Proceedings of the 14th Annual meeting of the North East Linguistics Society, 418-431, 1984.

1. Richard Sproat, Dan Roth, ChengXiang Zhai, Elabbas Benmamoun, Andrew Fister, Nadia Karlinsky, Alex Klementiev, Chongwon Park, Vasin Punyakanok, Tao Tao, Su-youn Yoon. "Named Entity Recognition and Transliteration for 50 Languages.". Keynote Address at the Second Midwest Computational Linguistics Colloquium, May 14-15, 2005, The Ohio State University.
2. Bernd Möbius and Richard Sproat, "Linguistische Analyse in einem multilingualen Sprachsynthesesystem". Spektrum der Wissenschaften, 1996, (German Edition of Scientific American)
3. Richard Sproat, On Deriving the Lexicon. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, Cambridge, MA. 1985. (Published version of Ph.D. dissertation)
4. Richard Sproat, "On Deriving the Lexicon," The Linguistic Review (Dissertation Abstracts), 5, 185-196, 1985.
5. Richard Sproat, "A Note on Rebracketing in Morphology," in D. Archangeli, A. Barss and R. Sproat (eds.), MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, 6, 199-205, 1985.
6. Richard Sproat, "Review of Schank's `Identification of Conceptualizations Underlying Natural Language'," In B. Levin (ed.), Lexical Semantics in Review, Lexicon Project Working Papers, number 1, Cambridge, MA, Center for Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985.
7. Richard Sproat, "A Scientific Curriculum in Linguistics for Use In Secondary Schools." In Doing Science: Constructing Scientific Theories as an Introduction to Scientific Method, Technical Report, Cambridge, MA, Educational Technology Center, Harvard Graduate School of Education, 1985.
8. Richard Sproat, "On Bracketing Paradoxes," in M. Speas and R. Sproat (eds.), MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, 7, 110-130, 1984.
9. Richard Sproat, "VSO Languages and Welsh Configurationality," in I. Haik and D. Massam (eds.), MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, 5, 243-276, 1983.
10. Richard Sproat, letter to the editor, December issue of Scientific American: a critique of Derek Bickerton's paper entitled "Creole Languages," Scientific American, December, 1983.
11. John Newman, with the assistance of Richard Sproat, Old High German Reader, Advocate Publishing Group, Reynoldsburg, OH, 1981.

1. "Corpus-Based Methods in Chinese Morphology", COLING 2002, Taipei, Taiwan.
   Here are the exercises associated with this tutorial.
   For those of you who are inclined to doubt my example mei3 hua4 `Americanize', see Li, Charles and Sandra Thompson. 1981. Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA, page 42, example (34).
2. "Corpus-Based Methods in Chinese Morphology and Phonology", with Chilin Shih, 2001 LSA Institute, Santa Barbara, CA. Slides for first three lectures: Lecture 1, Lecture 2, Lecture 3.
   Lecture notes.
3. "Finite-state Methods in Morphology, Text Analysis and the Analysis of Writing Systems", ROCLING X, Taipei, Taiwan.
4. "Algorithms for Speech Recognition and Language Processing", with Mehryar Mohri and Michael Riley. COLING 1996, Copenhagen.
5. "Computational Morphology", Australian Linguistic Institute, 1994, Melbourne.
6. "Text Analysis Tools in Spoken Language Processing", with Michael Riley, ACL 1994, Las Cruces.
7. "Morphology and Computational Morphology", ACL 1989, Vancouver.